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Frequently Asked Questions About CT Scan Abdomen

What is CT Scan Abdomen?

CT Scan Abdomen shows the abdominal and pelvic organs of our body (such as the pancreas, liver, kidneys, spleen, and adrenal glands) and the gastrointestinal tract. A doctor usually orders this test to check for a cause of abnormal pain and sometimes to follow-up on an abnormality seen on another test such as an ultrasound.

CAT scan (Computed Axial Tomography) or CT scan, is a special kind of X-Ray machine that combines a series of X-Ray images that are taken from different angles and uses computer processing to create cross-sectional images, or slices, of the blood vessels, bones and tissues inside the body. CT scan images help in providing more detailed information than plain X-rays do.  For example; the CT scan can help doctors to visualize small tumors or nodules, which cannot be seen with a plain film X-Ray.

The invention of the CT Scan machine has helped doctors to see diseases that, in the past, could often only be found at autopsy or at the surgery. CT is safe, noninvasive, and well-tolerated. CT scans are painless and, with the latest machines, it takes only a few minutes. Usually, the whole procedure takes approx 30 minutes, depending on the part of the body that is being scanned, the different angles required and the number of pictures taken.

Why is Abdominal CT Scan Prescribed?

Some of the reasons your doctor may want you to undergo an abdominal CT scan include:

• continuous abdominal pain
• abnormal swelling
• kidney stones (to check for location and size of the stones)
• unexplained weight loss
• infections, such as appendicitis
• to check for intestinal obstruction
• inflammation of the intestines, such as Crohn’s disease
• injuries following trauma
• a recent cancer diagnosis
• blood clots

Abdominal CT is useful to provide the doctor guidance for biopsies and/or aspiration of tissue from the abdomen and also be used to evaluate the effects of treatment on abdominal tumors.

What are the different types of CT Scan Abdomen available and their costs in India?

CT Scan Upper Abdomen

When an ultrasound examination of the Upper Abdomen organs provides no clear results, your doctor will ask you to go through a CT scan of the Upper Abdomen. CT scans can help determine a diagnosis early by showing a better view of the internal organs.

It can help in detecting signs of injury or disease of the liver, infection, inflammation, spleen, kidneys, stomach, bladder, intestines, pancreas, and adrenal glands. CT scan also helps to get a better view of blood vessels and lymph nodes in the abdomen. To diagnose the following illness, your doctor may ask you to undergo a CAT scan and also to find out the cause of abdominal pain or evaluate the effects of a traumatic injury:

• Gallbladder Disease.
• Kidney Conditions.
• Liver Disease.
• Intestinal Disorders.
• Other Causes.

CT Lower Abdomen & Pelvis:

The lower abdomen and pelvis contain the digestive organs as well as the endocrine, urinary and reproductive systems.

CT scan of the Lower Abdomen and Pelvis is an imaging test used to help diagnose and detect diseases of the small bowel, colon, and other internal organs and is often used to determine the cause of unexplained pain.  The pelvis area includes the prostate, bladder and other female and male reproductive organs, lymph nodes, and pelvic bones.

This CT scan test may be used to detect:

• Masses or tumors, including cancer
• The cause of pelvic pain
• Injury to the pelvis

CT Whole Abdomen & Pelvis:

CT Scan Whole Abdomen includes detailed imaging of Upper and Lower Abdomen inclusively. The scan covers all the abdominal areas including the appendix, intestines, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, kidneys, and urinary bladder.

CT Scan Abdomen Dual Phase:

This CT accounts for the different optimal scanning times for the liver and the pancreas. Two conventional CT scans are synchronized with the optimal time for the dye.

• Spiral CT (Also called Helical):

Spiral CT, also known as helical CT, is one of the recently accurate methods developed for CT scanning, which allows the three-dimensional re-creation of images and is continuous in motion.

The X-Ray beam continuously remains on and rotates around the patient, as the patient is moved through during the spiral CT, unlike the conventional CT.  The scan time of the entire abdomen is reduced to 30-40 seconds, which approximately takes 2 minutes using the conventional CT.

The resulting images are 3 dimensional whereas in conventional techniques 2-dimensional images are created. Conventional CT is still considered a superior and precise method for imaging many tissues and structures, though spiral is more advantageous for many applications.

CT Scan Abdomen Triple Phase:

A Triphasic, or triple-phase, CT Scan is an enhanced CT technique to generate a 3-D image of an inside of the abdomen and is mostly used to evaluate liver lesions. This technique acquires images at 3 different time points, or phases, following the administration of contrast.

CT Scan Abdomen Angiography:

CT angiography combines a CT scan with the injection of dye or contrast media. The invention of this technique enables the machine is to create pictures of the blood vessels in the abdomen or pelvis area.

This test may be used to look for

• To find the source of bleeding that starts in the intestines or elsewhere in the belly or pelvis
• Tumors and masses in the pelvis or abdomen, including cancer, when needed to help plan treatment.
• the abdominal pain is caused due to the narrowing or blockage of one or more of the arteries that supply the large and small intestines
• Kidney transplant
• High blood pressure is caused due to the narrowing of the arteries that carry blood to the kidneys.
• The test also may be used before surgery on blood vessels of the liver

CT Scan Abdominal Aorta Angiography:

The aorta is the main artery leading out of the heart and through the abdomen. (blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart are known as arteries)

CT Scan Aortic angiography is a medical procedure that uses a special dye or contrast media and x-rays to see how blood flows through the Aorta and to see inside the arteries.

Sometimes your doctor may ask you to do a CT scan of any of the tests with contrast. So for this type of scan, a dye called contrast material may be used.

It may be placed into various parts of your body (such as the rectum or a joint) to see those areas better or it may be put in a vein in your arm, also depending on the type of examination and your past medical history. For some types of CT scans, you may have to drink the dye. This makes structures and organs easier to see on the CT pictures.

How do I Prepare for a CT Scan?

If you are having a CT scan, you will be given a few specific information and instructions when you book your appointment.

Precautions: Please check with your doctor before scheduling the exam if you are pregnant or think you may be pregnant; other options will be discussed with you and your doctor.

Clothing: You may be asked to wear a patient gown at the CT scan center before the scan.  To secure personal belongings a locker will be provided to you. You will have to remove all piercings, hairpins, accessories, and leave all jewelry and valuables at home or in your locker. If you wear braces, then that also has to be removed for the scan.

Contrast Media: CT scans are most frequently done without and with contrast media. The contrast agent helps the radiologist’s ability to view the images of the body inside in a more improved version.

• Some of the patients should consult with the doctor before having an iodine-based contrast media. If you have problems with your kidney function, please inform the access radiologist or technician when you schedule the appointment. You may be then asked to get your scan performed without contrast media or have an alternative imaging exam.

• You will be asked to sign a form that will detail the side-effects and risks associated with a contrast agent injected through a small tube placed in a vein called an intravenous line.

• Sometimes, for the double contrast study, the technician will ask you to drink a contrast media before your exam begins in addition to the IV contrast, this is also the most common type of CT scan with contrast. The clarity of images also depends on the quantity of contrast you drink and it helps the radiologist to visualize your digestive tract better.

Allergy: Please inform the radiologist or technician when you schedule your CT scan if you have had an allergic reaction to any contrast media.

Eat/Drink: Prior to the CT scan, you can eat, drink, and take your prescribed medications for a CT scan without contrast. If your doctor ordered a CT scan with contrast, you should not eat anything at least 2-3 hours prior to your CT scan. You are encouraged to drink clear liquids.

Diabetics: People who are diabetic can eat a light breakfast or lunch three hours prior to the scan time.

Medication: Prescribed medications can be taken as usual by the patients.

Your doctor may request other specific preparation, Based on your medical condition.

What are the Risks of a CT Scan?

You can ask your doctor about the amount of radiation used during the CT scan procedure and the risks related to your particular situation. It is always suggested that you keep a record of our past history of radiation exposure, such as previous CT scans and other types of X-rays so that you can inform your doctor.

If you are pregnant or suspect that you may be pregnant, you should notify the radiologist or doctor. Radiation exposure during pregnancy may lead to birth defects.

Patients with kidney problems should consult their doctor before any scans. The contrast media can cause kidney failure in some cases, especially if the patient already has underlying kidney disease or is dehydrated.

 Be sure to discuss any concerns with your doctor prior to the procedure as there may be other risks depending on your specific medical condition

Certain conditions or factors may interfere with the accuracy of a CT scan of the abdomen.

These factors include the following:

• Stool and/or gas in the bowel
• Any kind of metallic objects within the abdomen area, such as surgical clips
• Barium found in the intestines from a recent study of barium.
• Total hip replacement

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